The purpose of the current study was to investigate the presence of polycystic ovarian morphology (PCOM) in patients with ectopic pregnancy (EP) and to find out the value of sonographic appearance of ovaries on the earlier diagnosis of EP.
In the current case-control study, thirty five patients with EP were recruited to evaluate ovarian sonographic morphology whereas 35 gestational age-matched women with healthy intrauterine pregnancy (IUP) were the controls. After ovarian sonography, ultrasound images were analyzed offline for ovarian area, ovarian volume, follicle number per cross section, and follicle distribution pattern. A questionnaire about the presence of hirsutism and menstrual irregularity prepared as well. Student's t-test or Mann-Whitney U test were used to compare continuous variables between 2 groups and categorical data were evaluated by using Chi-square or Fisher's exact test, where appropriate. Multiple logistic regression was used to find out the risk factors for EP.
Mean gravidity and parity were significantly higher in the EP group compared to IUP group (p&lt;0.05). PCOM was found to be significantly higher in the study group (51.4% . 20%, p=0.006). Logistic regression analysis showed that multiparity (OR=8.635; 95% CI, 1.653-45.104) and PCOM image on ultrasound (OR=19.081; 95% CI, 1.139-319.560) were found to be significantly associated with EP.
PCOM is more prevalent among women diagnosed with EP. This study demonstrates that PCOM assessed by transvaginal ultrasound may reflect EP in women with EP suspicion and may therefore serve as a clinical marker to assess EP.
PCOM is more prevalent among women diagnosed with EP. This study demonstrates that PCOM assessed by transvaginal ultrasound may reflect EP in women with EP suspicion and may therefore serve as a clinical marker to assess EP.The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of alginate hydrogel as a capsule to protect the ovary against possible detrimental effects of vitrification and warming on morphology and expression of apoptosis-related genes in the mouse ovary.
In this experimental study, the ovaries from twenty-five female 8-week-old mice were divided into five groups of non-vitrified ovaries, vitrified ovaries, ovaries that were encapsulated with concentrations of 0.5, 0.75 and 1% of alginate hydrogel. The morphological study was performed using hematoxylin and eosin staining. Expression levels of apoptosis-associated genes were quantified in each group by real-time RT-PCR. The one-way ANOVA and post hoc test were used to analyze the data and values of p&lt;0.05 were considered statistically significant.
The results of follicle count showed that the mean of total follicles in all groups was not significantly different. The average number of atretic follicles in vitrified and experimental groups significantly increased in comparison with the nonvitrified group (p=0.001). https://www.selleckchem.com/products/sn-52.html The results of the evaluation of apoptosis-related genes showed that the ratio of BAX/BCL-2 in experimental groups 1 and 2 was significantly higher than the vitrified group and experimental group 3 (p=0.000). The expression level of caspase 3 gene was not significantly different among all groups.
Ovarian encapsulation with used concentrations of alginate hydrogel failed to improve the morphology and molecular aspects of follicles and it was not able to better preserve the intact follicles of vitrified ovaries. However, morphological and molecular findings appear to improve with increasing alginate hydrogel concentration.
Ovarian encapsulation with used concentrations of alginate hydrogel failed to improve the morphology and molecular aspects of follicles and it was not able to better preserve the intact follicles of vitrified ovaries. However, morphological and molecular findings appear to improve with increasing alginate hydrogel concentration.As obesity is increasing worldwide, obese people use various methods to get rid of excess weight. BMS309403 (A drug) is a specific inhibitor of fatty acid binding protein 4. In this study, the effects of the BMS309403 on serum biochemical markers, testis tissue spermatogenesis and apoptotic markers were investigated in male mice.
Balb/c mice (total=56, each group n=14) were divided into control, obese control, obese solvent and obese drug groups. The obese control, obese solvent and obese drug groups were fed on the high sucrose diet to lead to obesity. After the development of obesity, BMS309403 was orally administered to the obese drug group for six weeks. It was performed in testicular tissues (Johnson Score and apoptosis markers) and biochemical tests (total testosterone, sex hormone binding globulin, inhibin-B tests and free androgen index) were used to evaluate reproductive parameters. The p&lt;0.05 was considered to indicate a statistical significance.
Serum fatty acid binding protein 4 levels were higher in obese control group and obese solvent group, compared to control (p&lt;0.05) and obese drug groups (p&lt;0.001). Serum total testosterone, free androgen index, inhibin-B, sex hormone binding globulin levels, testicular tissue B-cell lymphoma-2 expression level and Johnson Score parameters were lower in all obese groups compared with the control group. Inhibin-B levels and Johnson Score results were lower in obese drug group compared to other two obese groups (p&lt;0.05).
Contrary to expectations, the use of BMS309403 negatively affected male reproductive parameters. Negative changes in reproductive parameters may be a result of the increased lee index of obesity.
Contrary to expectations, the use of BMS309403 negatively affected male reproductive parameters. Negative changes in reproductive parameters may be a result of the increased lee index of obesity.The development of in vitro fertilization (IVF) in the UK, in 1978, proved a major breakthrough in the process of human reproduction, which had remained constant in human history. The impact of IVF and the ensuing assisted reproductive technologies (ARTs) has not been limited in revolutionizing the "natural" practice of biological reproduction, but has reached out to and affected almost every institution in society. Family and kinship, as the social expression of reproduction and the institutions which are the most transparently structured realm of human life are those most profoundly affected by ARTs. Although literature on the implications of ARTs is in general abundant, this article presents new insights on their impact on family and kinship in Iran, which remains a unique case in the Muslim world. It explores the particular way ARTs, especially third-party donation, have been endorsed and practiced in Iran, and their consequences for the family, the infertile individuals, and their position vis-à-vis their kin and social group.